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- Bergström, Göran, 1964, et al.
(author)
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Body weight at age 20 and in midlife is more important than weight gain for coronary atherosclerosis: Results from SCAPIS.
- 2023
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In: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; 373, s. 46-54
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Elevated body weight in adolescence is associated with early cardiovascular disease, but whether this association is traceable to weight in early adulthood, weight in midlife or to weight gain is not known. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of midlife coronary atherosclerosis being associated with body weight at age 20, body weight in midlife and body weight change.We used data from 25,181 participants with no previous myocardial infarction or cardiac procedure in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS, mean age 57 years, 51% women). Data on coronary atherosclerosis, self-reported body weight at age 20 and measured midlife weight were recorded together with potential confounders and mediators. Coronary atherosclerosis was assessed using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and expressed as segment involvement score (SIS).The probability of having coronary atherosclerosis was markedly higher with increasing weight at age 20 and with mid-life weight (p < 0.001 for both sexes). However, weight increase from age 20 until mid-life was only modestly associated with coronary atherosclerosis. The association between weight gain and coronary atherosclerosis was mainly seen in men. However, no significant sex difference could be detected when adjusting for the 10-year delay in disease development in women.Similar in men and women, weight at age 20 and weight in midlife are strongly related to coronary atherosclerosis while weight increase from age 20 until midlife is only modestly related to coronary atherosclerosis.
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| 4. |
- Engellau, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Measurements before endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms : MR imaging with MRA vs. angiography and CT
- 2003
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In: Acta Radiologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 44:2, s. 177-184
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: 1) To compare measurements obtained with MR imaging (MRI)/contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE MRA) with measurements obtained with angiography (DSA) and CT, for stent-graft sizing of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). 2) To compare MRA measurements obtained with the two post processing techniques MIP (maximum intensity projection) and VRT (3D volume rendering technique).Material and Methods: The prospective study included 20 consecutive patients with AAA identified by DSA and CT as suitable for endovascular repair. For the study, MRI/CE MRA was performed. Five measurement variables for stent-graft sizing were chosen. Comparisons were made between MRI/CE MRA, DSA and CT, and between observers. Comparisons were also made between MIP and VRT.Results: Significantly shorter lengths were obtained with MRA-MIP than with DSA. Three out of six diameter measurements were significantly smaller on MRI/CE MRA than on DSA and CT. No significant differences were found between the observers. One diameter measurement was significantly smaller on MIP than on VRT, while the other measurements showed no significant differences.Conclusion: The length measurements obtained with MRA-MIP were probably more correct than those with DSA. For more reliable diameter measurements with CE MRA, improvements of the technique, including VRT reconstructions and a standardized determination of the vessel boundaries, are needed.
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- Gimm, Oliver, et al.
(author)
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Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Localizes Ectopic Parathyroid Adenoma
- 2010
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In: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. - Chevy Chase, MD, United States : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 95:7, s. 3092-3093
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) can acquire two datasets showing different attenuation levels allowing collectionof additional information about the elementary chemical compositionof the scanned material. Color can then be assigned accordingto the 80- and 140-kV computed tomography (CT) values to obtaina color-mapped, dual-energy image. DECT has been used extensivelyin our department in postmortem CT with excellent results (1).One of the advantages of DECT is that iodine contrast uptakein soft tissue can be quantified. We were wondering about itsability to localize parathyroid adenomas (PAs).
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| 7. |
- Gupta, Vikas, et al.
(author)
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Automated three-dimensional tracking of the left ventricular myocardium in time-resolved and dose-modulated cardiac CT images using deformable image registration
- 2018
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In: Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. - : Elsevier. - 1934-5925. ; 12:2, s. 139-148
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Assessment of myocardial deformation from time-resolved cardiac computed tomography (4D CT) would augment the already available functional information from such an examination without incurring any additional costs. A deformable image registration (DIR) based approach is proposed to allow fast and automatic myocardial tracking in clinical 4D CT images.Methods Left ventricular myocardial tissue displacement through a cardiac cycle was tracked using a B-spline transformation based DIR. Gradient of such displacements allowed Lagrangian strain estimation with respect to end-diastole in clinical 4D CT data from ten subjects with suspected coronary artery disease. Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), point-to-curve error (PTC), and tracking error were used to assess the tracking accuracy. Wilcoxon signed rank test provided significance of tracking errors. Topology preservation was verified using Jacobian of the deformation. Reliability of estimated strains and torsion (normalized twist angle) was tested in subjects with normal function by comparing them with normal strain in the literature.Results Comparison with manual tracking showed high accuracy (DSC: 0.99± 0.05; PTC: 0.56mm± 0.47 mm) and resulted in determinant(Jacobian) > 0 for all subjects, indicating preservation of topology. Average radial (0.13 mm), angular (0.64) and longitudinal (0.10 mm) tracking errors for the entire cohort were not significant (p > 0.9). For patients with normal function, average strain [circumferential, radial, longitudinal] and peak torsion estimates were: [-23.5%, 31.1%, −17.2%] and 7.22°, respectively. These estimates were in conformity with the reported normal ranges in the existing literature.Conclusions Accurate wall deformation tracking and subsequent strain estimation are feasible with the proposed method using only routine time-resolved 3D cardiac CT.
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- Henriksson, Lilian, et al.
(author)
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The transluminal attenuation gradient does not add diagnostic accuracy to coronary computed tomography
- 2021
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In: Acta Radiologica. - : Sage Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; , s. 867-874
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background A method for improving the accuracy of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is highly sought after as it would help to avoid unnecessary invasive coronary angiographies. Measurement of the transluminal attenuation gradient (TAG) has been proposed as an alternative to other existing methods, i.e. CT perfusion and CT fractional flow reserve (FFR). Purpose To evaluate the incremental value of three types of TAG in high-pitch spiral CCTA with invasive FFR measurements as reference. Material and Methods TAG was measured using two semi-automatic methods and one manual method. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was made to determine the usefulness of TAG alone as well as TAG combined with CCTA for detection of significant coronary artery stenoses defined by an invasive FFR value <= 0.80. Results A total of 51 coronary vessels in 37 patients were included in this retrospective study. Hemodynamically significant stenoses were found in 13 vessels according to FFR. The ROC analysis TAG alone resulted in areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.530 and 0.520 for the semi-automatic TAG and 0.557 for the manual TAG. TAG and CCTA combined resulted in AUCs of 0.567, 0.562 for semi-automatic TAG, and 0.569 for the manual TAG. Conclusion The results from our study showed no incremental value of TAG measured in single heartbeat CCTA in determining the severity of coronary artery stenosis degrees.
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| 9. |
- Höök, Fredrik, et al.
(author)
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Nanopartiklar kan förbättra avbildningsteknik och diagnostik
- 2017
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In: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 114
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nanotechnology can improve diagnostics The unique properties of nanoparticles make them tailorable into diagnostic agents on a molecular level, which allow more sensitive and precise in vitro diagnostics and in vivo imaging. While in vitro applications already have impact on diagnostics, in vivo use remains challenging due to difficulties in preparing nanoparticles with acceptable properties regarding toxicity, specific target accumulation and degradation. This article describes the innovative work of developing such platforms, and concludes that while nanotechnology-based diagnostics and imaging are still scarce at the clinical level, the rapid development of many new concepts, devices and processes that are now in the laboratory pipeline promises significant impact in the near future.
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- Jackowski, Christian, 1975-, et al.
(author)
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Magnetic resonance imaging goes postmortem: noninvasive detection and assessment of myocardial infarction by postmortem MRI
- 2011
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In: European Radiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; Jan;21:1, s. 70-78
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the performance of postmortem magnetic resonance imaging (pmMRI) in identification and characterization of lethal myocardial infarction in a non-invasive manner on human corpses.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Before forensic autopsy, 20 human forensic corpses were examined on a 1.5-T system for the presence of myocardial infarction. Short axis, transversal and longitudinal long axis images (T1-weighted; T2-weighted; PD-weighted) were acquired in situ. In subsequent autopsy, the section technique was adapted to short axis images. Histological investigations were conducted to confirm autopsy and/or radiological diagnoses.RESULTS: Nineteen myocardial lesions were detected and age staged with pmMRI, of which 13 were histologically confirmed (chronic, subacute and acute). Six lesions interpreted as peracute by pmMRI showed no macroscopic or histological finding. Five of the six peracute lesions correlated well to coronary pathology, and one case displayed a severe hypertrophic alteration.CONCLUSION: pmMRI reliably demonstrates chronic, subacute and acute myocardial infarction in situ. In peracute cases pmMRI may display ischemic lesions undetectable at autopsy and routine histology. pmMRI has the potential to substantiate autopsy and to counteract the loss of reliable information on causes of death due to the recent disappearance of the clinical autopsy.
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